Robust vertical takeoff and landing aircraft control via integral sliding mode

Reduced equivalent systems have inherent closed-loop poles at the origin in the sliding mode for conventional sliding mode control (SMC). A systematic design strategy is developed for arbitrarily placing all SMC closed-loop poles. The speed control of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft whose aerodynamic parameters vary considerably during flight is investigated. An outstanding output tracking performance and robustness against system parameter uncertainties and external disturbances are achieved.