Propagation and damping of low-frequency perturbations produced by a grid are measured in an almost isothermal plasma. The phase velocity and the damping factor are observed to depend to the position over about half a wavelength from an exciting position. Beyond there, Landau-damped ion acoustic waves propagate. The phenomena observed can be interpreted as ion ballistic contributions to ion acoustic waves.
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Sato et al. (1972) studied this question.
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