Biocidal Potential and Chemical Composition of Industrial Essential Oils from Hyssopus officinalis, Lavandula × intermedia var. Super, and Santolina chamaecyparissus

This work presents the biocidal (insecticidal, ixodicidal, nematicidal, and phytotoxic) effects and chemical compositions of three essential oils obtained from the industrial steam distillation ( IEO s) of hyssop ( Hyssopus officinalis L.), lavandin ( Lavandula × intermedia or L . × hybrida var. Super ), and cotton lavender ( Santolina chamaecyparissus L.). Their chemical composition analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry showed 1,8‐cineole (53%) and β ‐pinene (16%) as the major components of H . officinalis , linalyl acetate (38%) and linalool (29%) of L . × intermedia ; and 1,8‐cineole (10%) and 8‐methylene‐3‐oxatricyclo[5.2.0.0 2,4 ]nonane (8%) in S . chamaecyparissus . The biocidal tests showed that L . × intermedia IEO was the most active against the insect Spodoptera littoralis and toxic to the tick Hyalomma lusitanicum , IEO of H . officinalis was strongly active against S . littoralis , and finally, S . chamaecyparissus IEO was a strong antifeedant against the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi , toxic to H . lusitanicum and with moderate effects against Leptinotarsa decemlineata , S . littoralis , and Lolium perenne .