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A method has been devised for measuring the volume flux in a bubble plume in a homogeneous liquid. Laboratory experiments on weak bubble plumes using the method determined the flux as a function of height and gas flow rate for air flow rates between 0.41 and 6.25 cc/s. It was found that volume flux was proportional to the square-root of air flow and increased linearly with height. From measurement of bubble velocity it is concluded that the individual bubble wakes make an important contribution to the entrainment.
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Leitch et al. (1989) studied this question.
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