Low-Frequency Micro-Vibration Attenuation of Slender Cantilever Precision Positioning Actuators Using Particle Damping

Slender cantilever precision positioning actuators are highly susceptible to ambient low-frequency micro-vibrations, which severely deteriorate dynamic positioning accuracy and operational stability. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a passive vibration attenuation method utilizing a customized partitioned particle damper. A micro-vibration-adapted discrete element method (DEM) coupled dynamic model is established to quantitatively characterize the underlying multi-mechanism energy dissipation driven by micro-slip friction and weak inelastic collisions. Through systematic numerical parametric analysis and physical experimentation, the optimal damper configuration is identified. Experimental results rigorously demonstrate that the optimized particle damper effectively suppresses broadband micro-vibrations (10–100 Hz), achieving a maximum steady-state vibration damping efficiency of 63.24% and a transient peak acceleration attenuation of 67.5% at the cantilever tip. This work provides a highly compact, energy-free, and robust structural vibration suppression strategy, demonstrating significant potential for application in high-precision actuation systems.