Trajectory of Five-Year Plans in India and Emplacement of Perinatal Depression: A Flouted Public Health Issue

Perinatal depression (PND) is a major public health concern and a leading contributor to maternal and child morbidity and mortality worldwide. India, which consistently reports high rates of PND, does not adequately address it within its reproductive health and rights and mental health and rights frameworks, despite evidence of its adverse effects on mothers, infants and families. This study examines the incorporation of perinatal mental health (PMH) into India’s national health planning by examining maternal and child health policies across the country’s 12 Five-Year Plans (1951–2017). Using a scoping review methodology, the study conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of the plans’ health, family welfare and women-related chapters. Four key themes emerged: adverse health determinants, policy priorities, maternal and child health, and mental health. Significant progress has been made in maternal and child health services, nutrition programmes, family welfare initiatives and health system strengthening. However, PND remained largely absent from policy discourse, even as mental health gained recognition as a public health priority. The findings highlight a persistent gap in addressing women’s PMH needs and underscore the importance of integrating routine PND screening, prevention and treatment into India’s healthcare frameworks.