An internal planar mobile phone antenna with a small vertical ground plane electrically connected to the system ground plane of the mobile phone is presented. The vertical ground plane can function as an effective shielding wall between the antenna and the nearby RF-shielding metal case or other associated elements in a mobile phone. In this case, the internal antenna can be compactly integrated within the mobile phone without degradation of the antenna performances. This vertical-ground design concept applied to an internal PIFA with a hollow shorting cylinder for a UMTS mobile phone is studied.
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Wong et al. (2005) studied this question.
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