Highlights critical technical pitfalls in Doppler ultrasonic blood flowmeters, specifically regarding frequency response and gain, which can compromise accurate blood flow transduction.
Pitfalls may compromise blood flow accuracy; leaves open need for device validation before clinical or research reliance.
General testing procedures which will ascertain whether a Doppler ultrasonic blood flowmeter is correctly designed and operating properly are presented. A commercial Doppler ultrasonic blood flowmeter using the procedure is evaluated. Two pitfalls were encountered which prevented its proper operation. High-frequency response was inadequate, which introduced a nonlinearity into the input-output calibration curve. Low-frequency gain was too high, resulting in wall-motion artifacts. These problem areas are described in detail, and a remedy for each is suggested.
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Flax et al. (1973) studied this question.
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