Electronic modulation of transition metal phosphide via doping as efficient and pH-universal electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction

media, respectively. Meanwhile, the V-CoP/CC electrode exhibits a small Tafel slope and superior long-term stability over a wide pH range. Detailed characterizations reveal that the modulation of the electronic structure contributes to the superior HER performance of V-CoP/CC. We believe that doping engineering opens up new opportunities to improve the HER catalytic activity of transition metal phosphides through regulating their physicochemical and electrochemical properties.