The design, fabrication, and performance of producible, high-performance Kand Ka-band pHEMT low-noise MMIC amplifiers using the embedded transmission line (ETL) circuit concept with top-side grounding are reported. A state-of-the-art noise figure of 1.2 dB with 25-dB gain is achieved at 31 GHz. These amplifiers can be implemented in low-cost, ultra-compact receiver modules for emerging spaceborne phased-array communication applications.
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Tserng et al. (1998) studied this question.
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