Ways to encourage community-based forest conservation: the role of place attachment, trust, involvement, and economic benefit

Forests are crucial for global biodiversity, climate regulation, and the livelihoods of millions of people. This study examines the factors influencing local residents’ conservation behaviour towards Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. A structural equation model was tested using survey data from 385 nearby residents. Results show that involvement has the strongest direct positive effect on conservation behaviour, followed by place attachment and economic benefits, while trust did not impact conservation behaviour. Place attachment also had significant indirect effects through its influence on other factors. Economic incentives from tourism play a role but appear less influential than involvement and emotional bonds. Study results highlight the importance of fostering emotional connections between local communities and protected areas to promote positive conservation behaviour. Park managers might focus on strategies that enhance residents’ attachment to the park and their active participation in park-related activities. The findings provide valuable insights to guide conservation strategies in similar forest communities, actively engaging local residents as stewards of their natural heritage.