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The development and application of the cosmopolitan-local construct is critically examined from a taxonomic perspective. The authors conclude that the factor analytic studies of Gouldner (1958) and Goldberg et al. (1965), to define the dimensions of the construct do not support Merton's (1957) and Gouldner's (1957) earlier conceptualization. Recent applications of the construct in organizational studies are examined, and serious problems of operationalizing the construct and sample composition of the studies are discussed. It is recommended that further research is needed on the construct itself, and that while such research is in process the construct should not be used as an explanatory or descriptive variable.
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Grimes et al. (1970) studied this question.
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