Population
Isolated transparent aortic arches from adult dogs weighing 10-15 kg
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Supports low-shear atherogenesis in canine models; leaves open human translation and clinical relevance.
In vitro flow visualization in transparent dog aortas demonstrates that complex secondary flows, stagnation, and flow separation occur at branching sites, supporting the theory that atherosclerosis preferentially develops in low shear stress regions.
Takayoshi Fukushima (1984) studied this question.
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