The conformity of circular-arc profile gears of the Wildhaber-Novikov sort is examined. It is indicated that the contact area may be a banana shape rather than the ellipse hitherto assumed. Two consequences of this are that too small a difference between the profile radii may reduce the useful conformity, and that it is not possible to increase the torque capacity per unit face width indefinitely by reducing the helix angle.
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Michael French (1965) studied this question.