Clinical and Genetic Aspects of Arterial Hypertension in Young People With Metabolic Syndrome

Aim. To study the associative links of CSK, ACE, TCF7L2, ADRA2B, MTHFR gene variants with hypertension in young individuals with metabolic syndrome who have lived in conditions equivalent to the Far North for a long time (using the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra as an example). Materials and methods. A total of 863 individuals aged 18 to 44 years were examined. As a result of the analysis, metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed in 42.9% of participants. In the sample, 32.8% were men and 67.2% were women. By ethnicity, 2 groups were represented: indigenous residents 32.4%) and non-indigenous residents (67.6%). Non-indigenous men were divided into urban (40.6% with MS) and rural (46.2% with MS) groups. Among non-native women, urban (41.3% with MS) and rural (45.8% with MS) residents also stood out. Conducted: anthropometric, laboratory research and molecular genetic analysis by polymerase chain reaction of the variants rs1378942 of the CSK gene, rs1801133 of the MTHFR gene, rs28365031 of the ADRA2B gene, rs7903146 of the TCF7L2 gene, rs1799752 of the ACE gene. Results. The study found that hypertension was recorded in 23.9% of the study participants, of which 43.0% were with MS. In men with MS, hypertension was 27.6% more common than in men without MS (37.7% versus 10.1%, p <0.001). A similar trend was observed in women: women with MS were diagnosed with hypertension 36.0% more often than women without MS (45.3% vs. 9.3%, p <0.001). A statistically significant association was found between the DD genotype of the rs1799752 variant of the ACE gene and elevated SBP levels in the overall sample (p = 0.017) and in non-native residents with MS (p = 0.042). An association was found between the rs7903146 variant of the TCF7L2 gene and DBP levels in carriers of the TT genotype in the overall sample (p = 0.018). Conclusion. It was found that the prevalence of hypertension among young people was 23.9%. Among residents with MS, hypertension was recorded in 43.0% of participants, with the highest frequency observed among native women with MS. It was noted that in non-natives, the development of MS is associated with the rs1799752 variant of the ACE gene: in women - with the ID genotype of the variant, in men - with the DD genotype. An association was found between the DD genotype of the rs1799752 variant of the ACE gene and the level of SBP in the total sample and among non-natives. In the total sample, an association was found between the rs7903146 variant of the TCF7L2 gene and the median DBP in carriers of the TT genotype.