Electric field control of magnetism without magnetic bias field in the Ni/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3/Ni composite

This paper reports on the electric field control of magnetism without magnetic bias field in a Ni/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3/Ni composite prepared by electrochemical deposition. The converse magnetoelectric effect, which was measured by an induction method, shows a peak value of 0.45 G/V at the resonance frequency of 102 kHz. Without magnetic bias field, the magnetization of the Ni layers can be controlled by an applied dc electric field in a reversible and reproducible way and shows an analogous on-off behavior with the electric field switching on and off alternatively.