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Bacterial cold-water disease, caused by F. psychrophilum , is a major problem for salmonid aquaculture. Little is known regarding the virulence factors involved in this disease, and control measures are inadequate. A targeted gene deletion method was adapted to F. psychrophilum and used to demonstrate the importance of the T9SS in virulence. Proteins secreted by this system are likely virulence factors and targets for the development of control measures.
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Barbier et al. (2020) studied this question.
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