Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a patient-centered self-care intervention for adults with coronary heart disease in a low resource setting

Objective: Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with disproportionate impact in low resource contexts. Despite the importance of effective self-care in improving outcomes, existing interventions are often fragmented, disease-focused, and lack contextual relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a nurse-led, patient-centered self-care intervention (PCSI) for individuals with CHD in Pakistan. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted between May 17 to August 16, 2024 in inpatient department of public hospital in Pakistan. The intervention, developed through literature review and stakeholder input, involved a 2-h individualized education and counselling session delivered one day before discharge. Effectiveness was evaluated using a one-group pretest-posttest design, assessing self-efficacy and self-care behaviors at baseline and four weeks post-discharge. Feasibility was explored through post-intervention interviews with 12 participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed-rank test in SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed manually through content analysis. Results: < 0.001). Significant improvements were observed in self-care behaviors across all domains (p < 0.001). Qualitative findings confirmed the intervention's feasibility, relevance and acceptability, while suggesting family engagement, and ongoing support. Conclusion: The PCSI demonstrated promising effectiveness and feasibility, supporting its potential integration into routine care. Future adaptations could enhance sustained self-care and clinical outcomes in low-resource settings.