Aquatic exercises are favorite for the elderly. Buoyancy works as an upward pressure within the water in the opposite direction of gravity. It prevents compression on the joints. Peripheral providing increased resistance included pool noodle and water dumbbells for work the major muscle groups. The ergonomic study provides the design with less water consumption for the elderly. Proposed semi-sitting design reduced the water level to be 60 cm; people can experience related water immersion exercises. This semi-sitting position included hip and back torso support to ensure safety. Elderly have less accompany and risk in this situation. The semi-sitting position designs enable some primary activities with a limited amplitude which is seniors need.
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Chao et al. (2019) studied this question.
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