Improving IP Video Surveillance Systems: The Shift to Digital Networks and Security Challenges

In the numerical era, video surveillance schemes have fast evolved from analog technologies to IP-based systems, enabling widespread deployment in various environments such as streets, train stations, workplaces, factories, and homes. The incorporation of intelligent applications like facial recognition, object tracking, and event detection has expanded the utility of surveillance networks, allowing for the management of thousands of cameras across large geographic areas. This change has been facilitated by advancements in Internet Protocol (IP) technology, shifting surveillance from analog systems using coaxial cables to packet-switching systems in IPv6 and IPv4 networks. However, the extensive adoption of IP-based systems has introduced several challenges, including increased vulnerability to cyber attacks, bandwidth demands, processing power requirements, and network security issues. This research discovers the evolution of video surveillance systems, the technical and security challenges posed by IP-based networks, and potential solutions for improving their efficiency and security.