In order to study the various aspects associated with flux flow in a large Josephson junction, a new equation which describes a balance of net forces acting on each vortex has been derived by a spatial average of the two-dimensional Josephson equation. This equation reveals the existence of two kinds of driving forces, i.e., a driving force due to density gradients of vortices and that due to a line tension of a vortex, and also the existence of two kinds of counterforces, i.e., a viscous drag force due to a normal current and an inertial force due to a junction capacitance. It is shown by this equation that there exist two propagation modes of envelope waves in a large Josephson junction in a flux-flow state. An analytical expression for flux-flow conductance is also obtained using this equation, which is in reasonable agreement with experimental results.
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Yoshida et al. (1978) studied this question.
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