Strategies for repeat ablation for atrial fibrillation: A multicentre comparison of nonpulmonary vein versus pulmonary vein target ablation

Figures

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  Figure 1. Arrhythmia recurrence risk of patients who underwent non‐pulmonary vein (PV) target ablation. This figure presents the atrial tachyarrhythmia (A), atrial fibrillation (B), and atrial tachycardia recurrence risk. Here, the odds ratio displays the recurrence risk of non‐PV target ablation versus PV target ablation strategy. Second, the odds ratio display the recurrence risk of non‐PV target versus PV target ablation strategy in patients with reconnected PVs before repeat AF ablation. Non‐PV target ablation was defined as PV reisolation with additional left atrial ablation, and PV target ablation as PV reisolation with or without wide antrum circumferential ablation. Of note, one patient with longstanding persistent AF was excluded from the overall regression analysis. CI, confidence interval

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  Figure 2. Arrhythmia recurrence risk of patients with isolated pulmonary veins (PV) who underwent non‐PV target ablation. This figure presents the atrial tachyarrhythmia (A), atrial fibrillation (B), and atrial tachycardia (C) recurrence risk. Here, the odds ratio displays the arrhythmia recurrence risk of patients with isolated PV who underwent non‐PV target ablation versus patients with reconnected PVs who underwent non‐PV target ablation. Non‐PV target ablation was defined as PV re‐isolation with additional left atrial ablation. Of note, we only performed an unadjusted analysis for atrial tachycardia recurrence because of limited statistical degrees of freedom in this analysis. CI, confidence interval

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  Figure 3. Antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) grades before repeat atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and follow‐up. We defined AAD use according to the following grades: Grade 1 (green) included patients who did not use a Class I or Class III AAD, but Class II, Class IV, or no AAD instead, Grade 2 (yellow) included patients who used Class I AAD or sotalol and Grade 3 (red) compromised patients using amiodarone. (A) AAD grade before repeat AF ablation and at follow‐up of all patients who underwent non‐pulmonary vein (PV) and PV target ablation, and group comparison. (B) AAD grade before and at follow‐up of patients with reconnected PVs who underwent non‐PV target and PV target ablation and group comparison. Non‐PV target ablation was defined as PV reisolation with additional left atrial ablation, and PV target ablation as PV reisolation with or without wide antrum circumferential ablation

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  Figure 4. Antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) grades before repeat atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and follow‐up. We defined AAD use according to the following grades: Grade 1 (green) included patients who did not use a Class I or Class III AAD, but Class II, Class IV, or no AAD instead, Grade 2 (yellow) included patients who used Class I AAD or sotalol, and Grade 3 (red) compromised patients using amiodarone. Here, we present the AAD grade in patients with isolated pulmonary veins (PVs) and reconnected PVs who underwent non‐PV target ablation and group comparison. Non‐PV target ablation was defined as PV reisolation with additional left atrial ablation