Glaciotectonic deformations of the Upper Cretaceous rocks: evidence from the chalk quarry in Chełm (Lublin region, Eastern Poland)

Soft , horizontally bedded Upper Cretaceous (= Upper Maastrichtian) rocks occurring in the Lublin region are strongly deformed. Most structures (mesofaults, joints, and cleavage) are brittle tectonic deformations connected with the Late Laramian and Young Alpine phases of tectonic activity. However, some of the deformations are also indicative of the glaciodynamic infl uence of Pleistocene ice sheets on the carbonate bedrock, including translocation of primary tectonic structures. Th e pattern of glaciotectonic deformation structures indicates both terminoand subglacial deformation environments connected with the transfl uence of ice masses over preglacial elevations of the chalk substratum.