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Nitrate supplementation restores endothelial lipid-to-protein ratio in hypertensive mice, but protein structural changes persist.
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The main spectral differences between the biochemical compositions of the vascular endothelium of control, hypertensive NO-deficient, and NO-deficient mice supplemented with nitrate were studied using Raman microimaging. A significantly different Raman signature of the endothelium in these three groups in the 1200-1400 cm(-1) region was assigned to the α-helix and β-sheet alterations in the protein secondary structure upon the development of hypertension. The second pronounced biochemical marker of endothelium alterations was the lipid to protein ratio. A lower intensity of the band at 2940 cm(-1) relative to the feature at 1007 cm(-1) in the endothelium in hypertension compared to the control indicated a decrease of the lipid content relative to proteins during the progress of the pathology. The nitrate-based treatment partially reversed the effects of hypertension. The nitrate supplementation restored the lipid to protein ratio in the endothelium to the control level, while the changes in the secondary structure of proteins were irreversible upon nitrate administration.
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Pacia et al. (2014) studied NO-deficient hypertension (murine model). Nitrate supplementation vs. Control and untreated hypertensive NO-deficient mice was evaluated on Biochemical composition of the vascular endothelium (protein secondary structure at 1200-1400 cm-1 and lipid-to-protein ratio at 2940/1007 cm-1) assessed by Raman microimaging. Nitrate supplementation in hypertensive NO-deficient mice restored the endothelial lipid-to-protein ratio (2940/1007 cm-1) to control levels, but 1200-1400 cm-1 protein changes were irreversible.
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