This work reports on the antigenic characterization and virulence for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus rnykiss of Vibrio anguillarurn-related (VAR) strains isolated from diseased turbot Scophthal-1nus maximus and cod Gadus niorhua in Spain and Denmark. These vibrio strains belong to Mbrio splendldus biovar 1 (serogroups B, C , D, F and G) and pelagius biovar I (serogroup A). The pathogenicity assays demonstrated that 10 of 15 (67%) VAR strains tested were virulent for rainbow trout, showing a n LDsn 150% lethal dose) ranging from 8.4 X 10' to 7 X 10' CFU (colony forming units) per fish. Moreover, all the V. splendidus biovar 1 strains of serogroup F, which is the predominant type among strains isolated from cod, were virulent for rainbow trout, whlle V. splendidus biovar 1 strains isolated from turbot were avirulent. Analysis of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and membrane proteins showed that VAR strains belonging to different serogroups possessed distinct electrophoretic banding patterns. The immunoblot analysis demonstrated a high immunorelation among VAR strains of the same scrogroups, while strains from different serogroups were not irnmunologicalfy related. Immunoblot assays also confirmed the dlssirnilarities in LPS structure observed among the distinct subgroups of serogroup F These findings suggest that present vibrlosis vaccines for cod could be improved if V splendidus biovar 1 representative of serogroup F (subgroups a and P) were tested in trial vaccines.
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Santos et al. (1997) studied this question.