A laboratory experiment was designed to test the effect of turbulence on mortality of yolk-sac larvae of paddlefish Polyodon spathula. High turbulence (6,320 dynes˙cm−2) resulted in larval mortality of 87 and 80% in frequent (one event per hour) and infrequent (one event every 3 h) treatments, respectively. Larvae exposed to low turbulence (1,838 dynes˙cm−2) suffered mortality of only 3 and 13% in the frequent and infrequent treatment groups, respectively. Frequency of events was not as important as intensity of turbulence in causing mortality.
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Killgore et al. (1987) studied this question.