3-D Aspect in the Five-Port Technique for Zero-IF Receivers and a New Blind Calibration Method

The five- or six-port circuit uses one or two additional outputs in comparison with classical homodyne demodulators. This paper demonstrates that the five- or six-port technique can take advantage of this particularity. The geometrical approach allows us to represent the 3-D aspect of the five-port technique. This study in space demonstrates the natural rejection of the even-order signal at the output of the direct receiver five-port circuit. Another benefit of this geometrical approach is a new blind calibration method. Many calibration methods have been proposed for the five-port circuit used as a homodyne receiver. Most of these methods were hard to be embedded and updated. This paper presents a new blind calibration method without any constraint on the system or the signal and with less algorithm computation cost.