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Theoretical modeling demonstrates accurate 4f photoemission spectra in rare-earth metals, highlighting the necessity of intermediate coupling schemes.
The complex multiplet structure of the partially filled 4f shell in the rare-earth metals is calculated using intermediate coupling. The eigenfunctions obtained are used for a calculation of photoemission intensities in the fractional parentage scheme including all final states. The result is in excellent agreement with recent X-ray photoemission spectra and demonstrates the importance of intermediate coupling in the rare earths.
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F. Gerken (1983) studied this question.
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