Carbonaceous adsorbents were prepared by heat treatment of coal reject at 600 °C, after chemical treatment in HNO 3, H 2 SO 4, and NaOH at 25 and 75 °C. Pore structure characterization and the phenol adsorption capacities of the adsorbents showed that nitric acid pretreatment significantly enhanced the surface properties, consequently the adsorption capacities of the adsorbents. A number of samples were subsequently prepared by carbonizing coal reject at 600 °C, after pretreatment in HNO 3 under various conditions. The acid concentration, residence time, and reaction temperature were varied to obtain adsorbents with various pore structures. The adsorption capacities of the derived adsorbents for phenol, p -nitrophenol, and benzene were measured to gain further insights into the pore structure evolution. Adsorption isotherms of phenol, p -nitrophenol, and p -chlorophenol on the best adsorbent prepared were determined and correlated with theoretical isotherm equations, such as the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich−Peterson equations.
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Haghseresht et al. (1998) studied this question.
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