if transpiration is rapid, but the plants recover if the soil drains promptly. If the soil remains saturated more than 24 hours permanent injury occurs. Stem elonga tion usually ceases, epinasty often occurs, the leaves turn yellow and die, beginning at the base and progressing up the stem, and the roots and base of the stem begin to die and decay. Injury develops more rapidly in warm than in cool soil.
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John W. Lucas (1954) studied this question.
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