Recent advances in Chinese phytopharmacology for female infertility: A systematic review of high-quality randomized controlled trials

Infertility is a significant reproductive health issue affecting millions worldwide. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), particularly Chinese phytopharmacology, has garnered attention as a potential complementary treatment. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese phytopharmacology interventions for female infertility, focusing on recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in major databases to identify relevant RCTs published between 2019 and July 2024. Studies were assessed for quality, which also served as an inclusion/exclusion criterion. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, interventions, comparators, and outcomes. Nine good-quality RCTs were included, evaluating various Chinese phytopharmacology interventions for infertility. Positive effects were observed in several studies, particularly for the Zishen Yutai pill, Dingkun pill, Erzhi Tiangui granules, and ginger-isolated moxibustion. These interventions demonstrated potential benefits in improving pregnancy rates, embryo quality, and endometrial receptivity. Chinese phytopharmacology interventions show promise in improving fertility outcomes when used in conjunction with conventional fertility treatments. While the findings are encouraging, more research is warranted to confirm the efficacy and safety of these interventions.