The use nanocrystalline materials for novel applications requires the development of cost effective consolidation methods to generate engineering components. Full consolidation of nanoparticles is a sensitive compromise between initial nanopowder characteristics, the several processing conditions in sintering such as pressure, temperature and time, and microstructural changes such as pore elimination and grain growth. This paper reviews lesses in nanopowder densification and discusses which affer commercial potential for the commercial production of components with nanosize grains.
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A 2001 study studied this question.