We describe a simple method that improves optical resolution in fluorescence microscopy approximately 1.7-fold in all three dimensions and can be implemented on any basic confocal scanning microscope. This approach is based on three-photon absorption of commercially available quantum dots generating a triple exciton (triexciton) and subsequent blue-shifted fluorescence emission following recombination of the triexciton. As a pure physical approach, the resolution enhancement is independent from the nanoenvironment and demonstrated to work in living cells.
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Hennig et al. (2009) studied this question.
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