Singlet oxygen generation in a high pressure non-self-sustained electric discharge

This paper presents results of singlet oxygen generation experiments in a high-pressure, non-self-sustained crossed discharge. The discharge consists of a high-voltage, short pulse duration, high repetition rate pulsed discharge, which produces ionization in the flow, and a low-voltage dc discharge which sustains current in a decaying plasma between the pulses. The sustainer voltage can be independently varied to maximize the energy input into electron impact excitation of singlet delta oxygen (SDO). The results demonstrate operation of a stable and diffuse crossed discharge in O 2 –He mixtures at static pressures of at least up to P 0 = 380 Torr and sustainer discharge powers of at least up to 1200 W, achieved at P 0 = 120 Torr. The reduced electric field in the positive column of the sustainer discharge varies from E / N = 0.3 × 10 −16 to 0.65 × 10 −16 V cm 2 , which is significantly lower than E / N in self-sustained discharges and close to the theoretically predicted optimum value for O 2 ( a 1 Δ) excitation. Measurements of visible emission spectra O 2 ( b 1 Σ → X 3 Σ) in the discharge afterglow show the O 2 ( b 1 Σ) concentration to increase with the sustainer discharge power and to decrease as the O 2 fraction in the flow is increased. Rotational temperatures inferred from these spectra in 10% O 2 –90% He flows at P 0 = 120 Torr and mass flow rates of are 365–465 K. SDO yield at these conditions, 1.7% to 4.4%, was inferred from the integrated intensity of the (0, 0) band of the O 2 ( a 1 Δ → X 3 Σ) infrared emission spectra calibrated using a blackbody source. The yield remains nearly constant in the discharge afterglow, up to at least 15 cm distance from the discharge. Kinetic modelling calculations using a quasi-one-dimensional nonequilibrium pulser–sustainer discharge model coupled with the Boltzmann equation for plasma electrons predict gas temperature rise in the discharge in satisfactory agreement with the experimental measurements. However, the model overpredicts the O 2 ( a 1 Δ) yield by a factor of 2–2.5, which suggests that the model's description of nonequilibrium O 2 –He plasma kinetics at high pressures is not quite adequate.