Synchrotron x-ray diffraction has been used to study the surface reconstruction of W(001) through its phase transition at around 230 K. We find that, although the superlattice peak intensity decreases a thousand fold over the range studied, the integrated intensity, and hence the structure factor, is nearly constant. This indicates that the surface undergoes an order-disorder transition with little change in the magnitude of the atomic displacements. The critical behavior is compared with predictions of the 2D XY and Ising models.
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Robinson et al. (1989) studied this question.
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