Distribution of cadmium and nickel between operationally defined soluble and solid phases of activated sludge was investigated. The metal sorption process was characterized by describing it quantitatively as a function of time, pH and suspended solids concentration. Reversibility of the sorption process was studied by comparing metal adsorption and desorption edges. The effect of desorption kinetics on hysteresis of nickel was investigated. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms were developed for cadmium and nickel in activated sludge at different pH levels, and sorption capacity of solids and conditional stability constants for metals-sludge reactions were determined using the Langmuir adsorption model.
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Kodukula et al. (1995) studied this question.
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