Development of digital twin framework to support sustainability of urban farming community

Urban farming can improve food access, community resilience, and environmental sustainability in cities such as Jakarta. However, community initiatives still depend on fragmented tools, informal coordination, and limited data use, hindering planting, resource management, crop monitoring, and market response. This study develops a Digital Twin-informed framework for urban farming communities supported by Jakarta’s Food Security, Maritime Affairs, and Agriculture Agency. The research combines a literature review, qualitative interviews, and expert evaluation. Data were collected from 25 community representatives across Jakarta’s five administrative cities and three government informants, followed by validation from six experts in urban farming and technology frameworks. The proposed framework contains six layers: User Access, Terminal Display, Application, Services Support, Data Resources, and Infrastructure. Key modules include planting schedules, procurement, plant health, harvest prediction, task management, activity recording, and progress evaluation. The framework provides a context-sensitive foundation for future implementation and guidance for policymakers, communities, and system developers.