Effect of Electrode Geometry on the Characteristics of Coaxial Magnetized Plasma Jets

The Coaxial Magnetized Plasma Accelerator (CMPA) converts electromagnetic energy into kinetic and thermal plasma flux via self‐induced Lorentz forces. In this study, we develop a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical model to systematically elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of electrode geometric parameters on plasma jet dynamics. Specifically, we decouple the contributions of three critical geometric parameters, namely, the length and width of the plasma generation channel and the inner diameter of the acceleration channel, and analyze their effects on jet velocity, temperature, and pressure. The results indicate that, under the premise of ensuring discharge stability, a design strategy characterized by an elongated channel, narrow width, and moderate inner diameter should be adopted to achieve efficient conversion of electromagnetic energy into both kinetic momentum and internal energy of the jet. This work provides theoretical support for the structural optimization and performance enhancement of CMPA devices.