How Do Childhood Trauma and Executive Function Contribute to Adolescent Criminal Thinking? A Systematic Literature Review

Childhood trauma is a recognized risk factor for adverse developmental outcomes, but its connection to adolescent criminal thinking remains unclear. This systematic review synthesized 23 quantitative studies published between 2015 and 2025, examining childhood trauma, executive functioning (EF), and criminal thinking. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, studies were identified from five databases. Findings showed that childhood trauma was associated with poorer EF, especially inhibitory control and working memory, and with greater antisocial outcomes. However, direct links between EF and criminal thinking were inconsistent. Overall, EF appears to function as a contributory regulatory factor within a broader multi-pathway developmental framework in adolescence.