Towards Environmental Sustainability: Saudi Residents’ Awareness, Attitudes, and Environmental Behaviors Toward Green Projects (A Cross-Sectional Study)

Environmental sustainability projects are essential for preserving natural resources and enhancing quality of life for present and future generations. This cross-sectional study examined Saudi residents’ knowledge and awareness of green projects, attitudes and perceptions toward them, personal environmental behavior and participation, and perceptions of institutional and societal roles. A questionnaire was administered to 1044 participants from various regions across Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, together with the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, and Dunn’s post hoc test, were used to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses. The findings indicated generally positive responses across the four dimensions; at the item level, most items fell within the agree range, while neutral ratings appeared mainly in items related to following green-project news, reviewing related policies, using low-emission transportation, and the perceived sufficiency of institutional communication. Significant differences were observed in the overall questionnaire and several dimensions according to gender, favoring females, and according to nationality, favoring Saudi participants. Regional differences were limited to the environmental behavior and personal participation dimension, whereas educational qualification did not produce significant differences. The absence of educational differences suggests that green-project awareness and behavior may be shaped not only by formal educational level, but also by national campaigns, media exposure, and shared public discourse. The study provides a countrywide empirical baseline for green-project awareness, attitudes, and environmental behaviors in Saudi Arabia and identifies areas for more targeted communication, regional engagement, and longitudinal research.