Trial of Training Method for Seafarers on GNSS Interference

GNSS relies on weak radio signals from distant satellites in space and has been noted to be vulnerable to positioning failures caused by radio jamming and the output of erroneous position information due to spoofed signals. GNSS jamming and spoofing can render a vessel's positioning impossible or display incorrect locations, potentially causing confusion among seafarers. Therefore, effective education and training on countermeasures are important for vessel safety. However, effective methods for providing demonstration-based education on GNSS jamming and spoofing, or experiential training using ship-handling simulators, have not yet been established. This study developed and validated a training method aimed at enhancing the awareness and understanding of seafarers operating vessels and maritime students regarding the risks of GNSS displaying incorrect positions due to intentional interference signals or spoofing signals, and the countermeasures against them. The results show that instances of maneuvering based on erroneous positions were observed, and positive feedback regarding the training was received from participants.