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A multilevel transmission system that allows efficient exploitation of a single-channel bandwidth in coherent optical communication systems is proposed. It is based on Stokes parameter modulation and a decision on the Poincare sphere. The block scheme of the transmitter, which is able to provide a generic output state of polarization (SOP) starting from a linearly polarized optical field, is shown and described. The propagation along the fiber is described in order to derive the expression of the optical field at the receiver input. The spectral characteristics of the transmitted and the received optical signals are analyzed.>
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Betti et al. (1990) studied this question.
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