This paper derives a set of sufficient conditions guaranteeing that the load-flow problem in unbalanced three-phase distribution networks with wye and delta constant-power, constant-current, and constant-impedance loads (ZIP loads) has a unique solution over a region that can be explicitly calculated from the network parameters. It is also proved that the well-known Z-Bus iterative method is a contraction over the defined region, and hence converges to the unique solution.
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Bazrafshan et al. (2017) studied this question.
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