Collision-geometry-based 3D initial condition for relativistic heavy-ion collisions

We present a simple way to construct three-dimensional initial conditions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions based on the Glauber collision geometry. Local energy and momentum conservation conditions are imposed to set non-trivial constraints on our parametrizations of longitudinal profiles for the system's initial energy density and flow velocity. After calibrating parameters with charged hadron rapidity distributions in central Au+Au collisions, we test model predictions for particle rapidity distributions in d+Au and peripheral Au+Au collisions in the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. Simulations and comparisons with measurements are also made for Pb+Pb collisions at Super Proton Synchrotron energies. We demonstrate that elliptic flow measurements in heavy-ion collisions at √s~10 GeV can set strong constraints on the dependence of quark-gluon plasma shear viscosity on temperature and net baryon chemical potential.