Key result
Plant saponins show antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects with potential to prevent venous thromboembolism.
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Saponins comprise a heterogenous group of chemical compounds containing a triterpene or steroid aglycone group and at least one sugar chain. They exist as secondary metabolites, occurring frequently in dicotyledonous plants and lower marine animals. Plant saponin extracts or single saponins have indicated antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a multifactorial disease influenced by various patient characteristics such as age, immobility, previous thromboembolism and inherited thrombophilia. This mini-review (1) evaluates the current literature on saponins as modulators of the coagulation system, (2) discusses the impact of chemical structure on the modulation of the coagulation system, which may further provide a basis for drug or supplement design, (3) examines perspectives of their use in the prevention of VTE. It also describes the molecular mechanisms of action of the saponins involved in the prevention of VTE.
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Olas et al. (2020) conducted a review in Venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism). Saponins was evaluated on Prevention of venous thromboembolism and modulation of the blood coagulation system. Plant saponin extracts and single saponins exhibit antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities, offering potential molecular mechanisms for preventing venous thromboembolism.
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