This paper examines the necessary and sufficient conditions for achieving long-lasting therapeutic change. The rationale for recommending direct intervention across seven distinct but inter-related modalities is outlined in some detail. Other systems of psychotherapy are briefly compared to the multimodal behavior therapy procedures advocated herein. A case presentation is provided in order to lend substance to the general notion that durable clinical results are in direct proportion to the number of specific modalities deliberately invoked by any therapeutic system.
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Arnold A. Lazarus (1973) studied this question.