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The authors have created a strategy for rejuvenation of the peribuccal region based on the concept that the repeated contraction of certain fascicles of the mimetic muscles, and not gravity, is the primary cause of structural aging. Treatment is based on a 4-stage strategy, with interventions including botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid, autologous fat transfer, and surgery of the depressor anguli oris.
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Lelouarn et al. (2006) studied this question.
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