Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Azithromycin Combination Therapy for Ocular Toxoplasmosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin combination for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. METHODS: Nineteen ocular toxoplasmosis patients treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin +/- corticosteroid combination were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, clinical findings, the time interval until resolution of inflammation, recurrences, and drug side effects were collected. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time of the patients was 25.0 +/- 22.5 (range; 6 -66) months. Final visual acuity improved with a mean of 6 +/- 4 lines in 15 patients (78.9%). Inflammatory findings began to subside within 14.8 +/- 10.0 days. Three patients (15.8%) had recurrent attack. Only 1 patient (5.3%) had side effects from therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin combination is an effective and safe treatment modality for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis.