Cognitive Depression Detection Cyber-Medical System Based on EEG Analysis and Deep Learning Approaches

Long-term depression and negative emotional cycles affect life quality and work productivity. However, depression is not easy to detect, with current methods mostly relying on scales that make it impossible to quickly and directly measure the severity of depression. This study seeks to empirically identify brainwave stimulation feedback electrode points and brain regions related to potential depression. Using brainwave data collected by mood-induction procedures, the front and occipital lobes have the greatest role in the operation of depressive emotions, especially the Fp1 and Fp2 positions and the O1 and O2 positions. The Fourier brainwave bands are mainly affected in the α and θ band, while the wavelet brainwave bands have a significant impact on the minimum value of approximated signals. This study uses two signal processing methods, combined with deep neural network techniques (Multilayer perceptron, Deep neural network, Deep belief network, and Long Short-Term Memory) to develop 8 potential depression assessment models, with models constructed using deep neural networks providing the best and most stable performance. Therefore, this model can be developed as an auxiliary system for rapid and objective assessment of underlying depression, thereby assisting in the autonomous management of emotions and early detection and treatment of depression. In addition, the individual abnormality is found in the low mood stage and appropriate relief methods are provided, potentially reducing the occurrence of depression.