Key result
The prevalence of hypertension among young adults in India was 12.4% in men and 8.2% in women, with overweight/obesity, meat consumption, and tobacco use significantly associated with increased risk.
Why the study?
Young adults with hypertension have a higher lifetime risk of cardiovascular diseases, and global evidence suggests a significant role of diet and lifestyle risk factors among this population.
Are diet and lifestyle risk factors associated with hypertension in young adults in India?
Cross-Sectional (n=622,437)
Yes
Are diet and lifestyle risk factors associated with hypertension in young adults in India?
This large national survey highlights a significant prevalence of hypertension among young adults in India, strongly associated with modifiable lifestyle factors like BMI, diet, and substance use.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform lifestyle counseling in young hypertensives; leaves open causality pending longitudinal confirmation.
Background: Young adults with hypertension have a higher lifetime risk of cardiovascular diseases. Global evidence suggests a significant role of diet and lifestyle risk factors on hypertension among the young adult (aged 18-39 years) hypertensive population. Aim: The purpose of this study was to look for the association of diet and lifestyle risk factors with young adult hypertensives. Results: This study reports the prevalence of young adult hypertension based on a national representative sample based on the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) data and the association of behavioral risk factors with young adult hypertension. The survey adopted a two-stage stratified random sampling. The outcome variable was hypertension, whereas the exposure variables were various diet and lifestyle factors. The prevalence of young adult hypertension in India was 12.4% among men and 8.2% among women. Sikkim had the highest prevalence among both sexes. Lower prevalence was seen in the states of Delhi and Kerala. Marital status, body mass index, eating meat, alcohol intake, and taking coffee or tobacco 30 min before BP measurement were found to be associated factors that put both the sexes at risk of developing hypertension. The wealth index was concluded as a risk factor only in men while the level of education came out to be a risk factor only in females. Conclusion: This study is the first from India which gives a recent estimate of prevalence of young adult hypertension by state and individual level characteristics in addition to national level estimates for India.
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Manapurath et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=622,437). Diet and lifestyle risk factors (e.g., obesity, meat consumption, tobacco, alcohol) vs. Absence of respective risk factors (e.g., normal BMI, non-consumers) was evaluated on Prevalence of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension among young adults in India was 12.4% in men and 8.2% in women, with overweight/obesity, meat consumption, and tobacco use significantly associated with increased risk.
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